Thematic Exegesis Analysis of Religious Polarization on Social Media
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.64420/jismb.v3i1.468Keywords:
Religious polarisation, Social media, Thematic exegesisAbstract
Background: Religious polarisation on social media has become a serious challenge in plural societies, marked by the proliferation of hate speech, misinformation, and exclusive religious interpretations that intensify social fragmentation. Objective: This study aims to analyse Qur’anic values as a foundation for religious communication ethics in responding to the dynamics of religious polarisation in digital spaces. Method: The research employs a qualitative approach using thematic exegesis (maudhu‘i). The data are derived from Qur’anic verses related to the principles of moderation (wasathiyah), freedom of religion, human pluralism, tabayyun (information verification), ethics of dialogue, and peaceful relations with non-Muslims. The analysis is conducted through a comparative examination of classical and contemporary exegeses to identify their contextual relevance within the social media ecosystem. Result: The findings indicate that these Qur’anic values establish a normative framework that promotes moderate, inclusive, and verification-based communication while preventing the escalation of digital conflict. Conclusion: The Qur’an serves as a comprehensive ethical guide to reducing religious polarisation in digital spaces by fostering dialogue, tolerance, and responsibility. Contribution: This study enriches contextual exegesis in the digital era and offers a Qur’an-based framework for the ethics of religious communication to address religious polarisation on social media.
References
al-Fidā’Ismā‘īl, A. (n.d.). Tafsīr Al-Qur’ān al-‘Aẓīm. Dār Ṭayyibah li-an-Nashr wa-at-Tawzī,.
al-Kirmānī, Ḥamzah. (1429). Lubāb al-Tafāsīr (nāqiṣ). Jāmi‘at al-Imām Muḥammad ibn Sa‘ūd al-Islāmiyyah.
al-Shāfi‘ī, al-F. al-Baghawī. (1420). Ma‘ālim al-Tanzīl fī Tafsīr al-Qur’ān. Dār Iḥyā’ al-Turāth al-‘Arabī.
al-Ṭabarī, ibn J. (1431). Jāmi‘ al-Bayān ‘an Ta’wīl Āy al-Qur’ān. Dār al-Tarbiyah wa al-Turāth.
al-Zajjāj, A. I. (1988). Ma‘ānī al-Qur’ān wa I‘rābuh. ‘Ālam al-Kutub.
al-Zuḥaylī, W. (1991). Al-Tafsīr al-Munīr fī al-‘Aqīdah wa al-Syarī‘ah wa al-Manhaj. Dār al-Fikr.
Anggrarini, A. (2025). Mewujudkan Moderasi Beragama di Era Masyarakat Digital (Refleksi QS. Al-Hujurat Ayat 13). Islamic Studies Journal (ISLAM), 2(2), 173–176. https://doi.org/10.62207/xnmejz86
Armayanto, H., Dzulhadi, Q. N., & Ulfa, M. (2023). Between Freedom of Religion and Apostasy in Islam: Analysis of Surah Al-Baqarah Verse 256: Antara Kebebasan Beragama dan Murtad dalam Islam: Analisis terhadap Surah Al-Baqarah Ayat 256. Journal of Islamic and Occidental Studies, 1(1), 113–135. https://doi.org/10.21111/jios.v1i1.9
ʿĀshūr, M. al-Ṭāhir ibn. (1984). Al-Taḥrīr wa-al-Tanwīr. al-Dār al-Tūnisīyah lil-Nashr.
Aththahirah, R., Mardiati, L., Haikal, M., & Ikhsan, M. (2025). Penafsiran tentang Interaksi Sosial dengan Non-Muslim. Reflection : Islamic Education Journal, 2(1), 98–113. https://doi.org/10.61132/reflection.v2i1.403
Bahri, S., & Sassi, K. (2025). Implementasi Prinsip Tabayyun Dalam Menangkal Hoaks dan Disinformasi (Analisis Al-Hujurat Ayat 6 Sebagai Framework Literasi Digital Berbasis Al-Qur’an. Jurnal Pendidikan Integratif, 6(3). https://ejurnals.com/ojs/index.php/jpi/article/view/3317
Bm, S. A. (2025). Provocative Da’wah and Qur’anic Ethics: A Critical Study of Surah An-Nahl 125. Al-Ulum, 25(1), 76–96. https://doi.org/10.30603/au.v25i1.6885
Cahyaningtyas, R. D., & Wardani, A. E. (2025). Interfaith Dialogue in the Post-Truth Era: A Critical Study of the Narrative of Tolerance on Social Media. Jurnal Humaniora Dan Ilmu Sosial, 1(1), 16–32. https://jurnalpasca.staiibnurusyd.ac.id/index.php/al-ufuq/article/view/44
Cahyono, A. B. F., Khalisah, A., Safitri, L., Lestari, T., & Hudaya, Y. N. (2023). Ujaran Kebencian di Media Sosial: Ditinjau dari Kematangan Emosi Dengan Kecerdasan Moral sebagai Mediator. Jurnal Psikologi Integratif, 11(2), 205–218. https://doi.org/10.14421/jpsi.v11i2.2750
Faldiansyah, I. (2022). Moderasi Beragama di Dunia Maya: Upaya Restorasi Impresi Ekstremisme Online Berbasis Al-Qur’an. Tawshiyah: Jurnal Sosial Keagaman Dan Pendidikan Islam, 17(2), 128–142. https://doi.org/10.32923/taw.v17i2.3337
Ferdino, M. F., Razzaq, A., & Imron, K. (2024). Konsep Moderasi Beragama Pada Pendidikan Agama Islam Dalam Perspektif Al-Qur’an Surah Al-Baqarah Ayat 143. Jurnal Ilmiah Global Education, 5(3), 1870–1880. https://doi.org/10.55681/jige.v5i3.3229
Hanifah, N., Fitrawati, & Kusnadi. (2024). Metodologi Tafsir Tematik. Jurnal Al-Mubarak: Jurnal Kajian Al-Qur’an Dan Tafsir, 9(2), 71–83. https://doi.org/10.47435/al-mubarak.v9i2.3313
Hanipah, H., Djou, D. N., & Muslimin. (2025). Ketika Bahasa Intoleransi Memenuhi Berita Digital: Bagaimana Wacana Digital Merekonstruksi Kebebasan Beragama di Indonesia. Harmoni, 24(2), 281–298. https://doi.org/10.32488/harmoni.v24i2.929
Hussain, D. A. (2015). The Qur’anic and Prophetic Model of Peaceful Coexistence. 6(1).
Kuswantoro, & Alfi, I. (2022). Kebebasan Beragama Menurut Tafsir Al-Misbah Al-Quran Surat Al-Baqarah Ayat 256. 2(2). https://doi.org/10.53888/alidaroh.v2i2.543
Lasmana, N. (2024). Prinsip Toleransi Beragama dalam Kerangka Tafsir Tematik. Jurnal Ilmu Al-Qur’an Dan Tafsir (JIQTA), 3(1), 30–53. https://doi.org/10.36769/jiqta.v3i1.457
Laudya, D. S., Siahaan, P. G., Purba, N. R., Giawa, R. F. A., Manurung, R. C., Putri, F. yulia, Nasution, I. M., & Saragih, Y. B. (2025). Dampak Polarisasi Media Sosial Terhadap Hak Kelompok Minoritas Dalam Menyampaikan Pendapat. RIGGS: Journal of Artificial Intelligence and Digital Business, 4(2), 1544–1550. https://doi.org/10.31004/riggs.v4i2.705
Mamun, S. (2013). Pluralisme Agama dan Toleransi dalam Islam Perspektif Yusuf Al-Qaradhawi. Humaniora, 4(2), 1220. https://doi.org/10.21512/humaniora.v4i2.3565
Mahyudin, Habib, M. A. F., & Sulvinajayanti. (2022). Dinamika Pengarusutamaan Moderasi Beragama dalam Perkembangan Masyarakat Digital. Asketik: Jurnal Agama Dan Perubahan Sosial, 6(1), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.30762/asketik.v6i1.181
Mastū, M. al-D. D. (1998). Al-Wāḍiḥ fī ‘Ulūm al-Qur’ān. Dār al-‘Ulūm al-Insāniyyah.
Mubarok, A. (2023). Paradigma Dakwah Moderasi Beragama di Media Sosial. Communicative : Jurnal Komunikasi dan Penyiaran Islam, 4(2), 11–27. https://jurnal.uibbc.ac.id/index.php/communicative/article/view/1787
Mudhofi, M., Supena, I., Karim, A., Safrodin, S., & Solahuddin, S. (2023). Public opinion analysis for moderate religious: Social media data mining approach. Jurnal Ilmu Dakwah, 43(1), 1–27. https://doi.org/10.21580/jid.v43.1.16101
Mz, A. M., & Syahpurta, S. T. (2021). Nilai-Nilai Resiprokal dalam Moderasi Beragama: Analisis Qirā’ah Mubādalah terhadap QS. Al-Baqarah [2]: 143. Contemporary Quran, 1(2), 114–120. https://doi.org/10.14421/cq.v1i2.5688
Ningrum, D. J., Suryadi, S., & Wardhana, D. E. C. (2018). Kajian Ujaran Kebencian di Media Sosial. Jurnal Ilmiah KORPUS, 2(3), 241–252. https://doi.org/10.33369/jik.v2i3.6779
Rais, M. S. (2024). Hoaks Dalam Media Sosial dan Korelasinya Dengan Al-Qur’an dalam Peristiwa Al-Ifki [Thesis, UIN Suska Riau]. https://repository.uin-suska.ac.id/81667/
Rusmiati, E. T., Angellia, F., & Hamzah, R. E. (2025). Echo Chamber dan Eksklusivisme Beragama di Ruang Digital. WACANA: Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Komunikasi, 24(1), 266–276. https://doi.org/10.32509/wacana.v24i1.4541
Safitri, S. (2025). The Role of Social Media in Spreading Religious Moderation Values. Young Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities, 1(1), 99–107. https://journal.sufiya.org/index.php/yjssh/article/view/53
Sayaka, L. S. I., Rahayu, I., Rahmawati, K. A., Tolchah, M., & Almalouh, A. (2025). Moderation In The Qur’an: Building Pluralism Through The Principle Of Wasatiyyah (Case Study Of Surah Al-Hujurat 49:13). Fikroh: Jurnal Pemikiran Dan Pendidikan Islam, 18(1), 114–126. https://doi.org/10.37812/fikroh.v18i1.1784
Suhantoro, Syahrudin, Susanto, R., & Qomariyah, D. L. (2025). Operationalising Islamic Moderation in Digital Communication: Ethical Pathways to Counter Social Polarisation in Indonesia. 8(2). https://doi.org/10.37680/muharrik.v8i2.7679
Suryadi, I., & Anwar, S. (2024). Realitas Virtual dan Polarisasi Agama: Menelaah Pengaruh Media Sosial di Indonesia. Al-Balagh: Jurnal Komunikasi Dan Penyiaran Islam, 1(1), 41–56. https://journal.staialmasthuriyah.ac.id/index.php/albalagh/article/view/5
Syahrial, M. I. A. (2019). Tafsir Tematik Al-Qur’an (Studi Atas Buku “Tafsir Al-Qur’an Tematik” Kementerian Agama RI). PTIQ Press.
Yaakob, A., & Rajuddin, ’Ainun Syafiqah. (2017). The Protection Of Islam From Religious Insult In The Context Of Freedom Of Expression. Malaysian Journal of Syariah and Law, 5(2), 1–23. https://doi.org/10.33102/mjsl.vol5no2.42
Zaimina, A. B. (2025). Addressing Digital Religious Polarization: Policy Analysis of Religious Moderation Narratives on Indonesian Government Social Media. Al’Adalah, 28(1), 17–34. https://doi.org/10.35719/aladalah.v28i1.572
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Ahmad Mahfud, Zulfatul Wasilah
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms: (1) Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International. that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal; (2) Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal; (3) Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.
